Software Development Engineer in Test (SDET) Interview Practice Test

The distinction between a test case and a test script is crucial in understanding software testing processes. A test case outlines a specific scenario that needs to be tested, detailing the inputs, execution steps, and expected outcomes in a structured manner. This provides testers with a clear understanding of what to verify, including any conditions that must be met before execution.

On the other hand, a test script contains executable instructions that automate the testing process. It translates the test case into a format that can be executed by testing tools or frameworks. This means while the test case provides the rich context of what needs to be tested, the test script is concerned with how that test will be actually executed, often in a programming or scripting language.

Therefore, the correct answer captures the essence of the roles each plays in the testing lifecycle, emphasizing that test cases focus on the "what" (the scenario and requirements) while test scripts focus on the "how" (the execution instructions).