What development practice involves writing tests before writing the code?

• A. Behavior Driven Development (BDD)
• B. Test Driven Development (TDD)
• C. Keyword Driven Development (KDD)
• D. Feature Driven Development (FDD)

Answer: (B)

Test Driven Development (TDD) is a development practice that emphasizes writing tests before the actual code is developed. The primary principle of TDD revolves around creating a failing test to define a function or a feature, then writing the minimum amount of code necessary to pass that test, followed by refactoring the code as needed. This cycle of "Red, Green, Refactor" encourages developers to clarify the requirements of the code before implementation.

TDD ensures that the code is reliably tested at each step of development, leading to higher quality code and improved design. This practice is beneficial not only for confirming that the code behaves as expected but also for keeping the development focused on functionality that meets requirements.

In contrast, other options such as Behavior Driven Development (BDD) focus more on collaboration among stakeholders to define the behaviors expected from the system rather than strictly writing tests first. Keyword Driven Development (KDD) refers to a test automation framework utilizing keywords to drive test execution, while Feature Driven Development (FDD) is centered around designing and building features rather than a test-first approach. These distinctions highlight why TDD is recognized specifically for its test-first method.